The use of smart needle-punched nonwoven fabrics composed of high-performance fibres such as aramid (e.g. Kevlar®, Twaron®), oxidised polyacrylonitrile (Oxypan), ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), and other advanced materials is technically justified across a broad range of demanding applications. These fabrics offer a unique combination of mechanical robustness, thermal and chemical resistance, and functionality, which is not readily achievable with conventional woven or standard nonwoven materials
